Guanidine Thiocyanate is a chaotropic agent. As one of the strongest protein denaturants, it inactivates nucleases more than twice as fast as Guanidine Hydrochloride. Guanidine Thiocyanate is preferred for the purification of RNA because it dissociates the RNA into its nucleic acids and protein forms. Higher molarity solutions of Guanidine Thiocyanate irreversibly inactivate RNase. Guanidine Thiocyanate causes proteins to dissolve readily, thus disintegrating cellular structures.

Tromethamine (Tris), is commonly used as a buffer and excipient in biological applications downstream in the manufacture of drug products. Tris is considered a “Good’s” buffer because it has low UV absorptivity, minimal reactivity, stable pH and is soluble in water.

Tromethamine (Tris), is commonly used as a buffer and excipient in biological applications downstream in the manufacture of drug products. Tris is considered a “Good’s” buffer because it has low UV absorptivity, minimal reactivity, stable pH and is soluble in water.

Guanidine Hydrochloride Buffer is a strong protein denaturant that functions as a chaotropic agent. As a denaturant, it acts to unfold proteins and turn them into their original polypeptide chains. As a chaotropic agent, it breaks down the structure of proteins. Guanidine Hydrochloride Buffer is commonly used in the purification of RNA by dissociating the RNA into its nucleic acids and protein forms. At higher concentrations, Guanidine Hydrochloride Buffer decreases enzyme activity. It is also used to increase the solubility of hydrophobic molecules.