COPPER GLUCONATE is a copper salt of D-gluconic acid that displays a light blue to bluish-green color. It is prepared by the reaction of gluconic acid solutions with cupric oxide or basic cupric carbonate. According to the good manufacturing or feeding practice by the FDA, copper gluconate is used as a nutrient or dietary supplement and is generally recognized as safe for use at a level not exceeding 0.005 percent. Copper Gluconate can be used as a dietary supplement and as a nutrient. Copper aids in the absorption of iron, in the formation of red blood cells and the proper bone formation and maintenance.

SQAPH is a pharmaceutical-grade squalene. Squalene is widely used in numerous vaccine and drug delivery emulsions due to its stability-enhancing effects and biocompatibility. Emulsions containing squalene facilitate the solubilization, modified release, and cell uptake of drugs, adjuvants, and vaccines. It is a non-greasy moisturizing ingredient and skin protectant. Pleasant to the touch, highly soluble, and resistant to extreme temperatures, these properties make Squalane a favored ingredient in moisturizing creams.